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El tema principal de este artículo, el discurso, es un concepto frecuente en las ciencias sociales que se refiere a los diálogos o debates formales en torno a un tema específico. Incluye el lenguaje utilizado, las discusiones mantenidas y los documentos escritos que contribuyen a nuestra comprensión de las construcciones sociales. El discurso guarda una profunda relación con las dinámicas de poder y contribuye a moldear nuestra realidad. Numerosas perspectivas teóricas, como el modernismo, el estructuralismo, el postestructuralismo y la teoría del discurso de Foucault, aportan ideas sobre el discurso. Diversas formas de análisis del discurso, como el análisis crítico, el análisis de la conversación y el análisis foucaultiano del discurso, ayudan a descifrar las tendencias de la comunicación y los marcos sociales. El estudio del discurso se aplica ampliamente en diversos campos como la sociología, la política medioambiental y los estudios culturales, y tiene efectos profundos en los discursos de género y las normas sociales. Estudiosos de la talla de James P. Gee, Robert Stalnaker y Peter Pagin han contribuido significativamente al análisis del discurso. La investigación sobre el discurso es de suma importancia en las ciencias sociales, ya que mejora nuestro conocimiento del lenguaje, la identidad y las jerarquías de poder.
Este artículo puede ser demasiado técnico para la mayoría de los lectores.(Mayo de 2018) |
Discurso es una generalización de la noción de conversación a cualquier forma de comunicación. El discurso es uno de los temas principales de la teoría social, con trabajos que abarcan campos como sociología, antropología, filosofía continentaly análisis del discurso. Tras los trabajos pioneros de Michel FoucaultEn la teoría social, estos campos consideran el discurso como un sistema de pensamiento, conocimiento o comunicación que construye nuestra experiencia del mundo. Dado que el control del discurso equivale al control de la percepción del mundo, la teoría social estudia a menudo el discurso como una ventana abierta a la percepción del mundo. potencia. En lingüística teóricaEl discurso se entiende de forma más restringida como intercambio de información lingüística y fue una de las principales motivaciones del marco de semántica dinámicaen el que las expresiones denotaciones se equiparan con su capacidad para actualizar un contexto discursivo.