L'internet, un réseau mondial de systèmes informatiques interconnectés, utilise des protocoles de communication normalisés, principalement TCP/IP, pour connecter des appareils à travers le monde. Le terme "Internet" trouve son origine dans le terme "internetted" de 1849 et a été adopté par le ministère américain de la guerre en 1945. L'origine de l'internet remonte aux années 1960, lorsque des informaticiens ont mis au point des systèmes de partage du temps, qui ont finalement abouti à la création d'ARPANET en 1969. L'internet fonctionne de manière autonome, sans aucun contrôle central, et l'Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) gère ses espaces de noms primaires. Il a révolutionné les méthodes de communication traditionnelles et a connu une croissance exponentielle, le nombre d'internautes augmentant de 20% à 50% chaque année. En 2019, plus de la moitié de la population mondiale utilisait l'internet. Les Protocole Internet[1] La suite TCP/IP, qui comprend le protocole TCP/IP et quatre couches conceptuelles, dirige les paquets internet vers leurs destinations prévues. Les services fondamentaux tels que courriel[2] et la téléphonie Internet fonctionnent sur l'Internet. Le World Wide Web, un vaste réseau de documents interconnectés, est un élément essentiel de l'Internet.
Les Internet (ou Internet) is the global system of interconnected les réseaux informatiques qui utilise le Suite de protocoles Internet (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a network of networks that consists of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the interlinked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), electronic mail, telephonyet file sharing.
The origins of the Internet date back to research to enable time-sharing of computer resources and the development of packet switching in the 1960s. The set of rules (communication protocols) to enable internetworking on the Internet arose from research and development commissioned in the 1970s by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) of the United States Department of Defense in collaboration with universities and researchers across the États-Unis and in the Royaume-Uni et France. Les ARPANET initially served as a backbone for the interconnection of regional academic and military networks in the United States to enable resource sharing. The funding of the National Science Foundation Network as a new backbone in the 1980s, as well as private funding for other commercial extensions, encouraged worldwide participation in the development of new networking technologies and the merger of many networks using DARPA's Suite de protocoles Internet. The linking of commercial networks and enterprises by the early 1990s, as well as the advent of the World Wide Web, marked the beginning of the transition to the modern Internet, and generated a sustained exponential growth as generations of institutional, personalet mobile ordinateurs were connected to the network. Although the Internet was widely used by académie in the 1980s, the subsequent commercialization in the 1990s and beyond incorporated its services and technologies into virtually every aspect of modern life.
Most traditional communication media, including telephone, radio, television, paper mail, and newspapers, are reshaped, redefined, or even bypassed by the Internet, giving birth to new services such as email, Internet telephone, Internet television, online music, digital newspapers, and video streaming websites. Newspaper, book, and other print publishing have adapted to site web technology or have been reshaped into blogging, web feeds, and online news aggregators. The Internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of personal interaction through messagerie instantanée, Internet forumset services de réseaux sociaux. Achats en ligne has grown exponentially for major retailers, small businesseset entrepreneurs, as it enables firms to extend their "brick and mortar" presence to serve a larger market or even sell goods and services entirely online. Commerce interentreprises et financial services on the Internet affect supply chains across entire industries.
The Internet has no single centralized governance in either technological implementation or policies for access and usage; each constituent network sets its own policies. The overarching definitions of the two principal name spaces on the Internet, the Internet Protocol address (IP address) space and the Système de noms de domaine (DNS), are directed by a maintainer organization, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). The technical underpinning and standardization of the core protocols is an activity of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), a non-profit organization of loosely affiliated international participants that anyone may associate with by contributing technical expertise. In November 2006, the Internet was included on USA Today's list of the New Seven Wonders.
Français 
English 
Español