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Domain names are textual identifiers that signify internet[2] resources, including computers and services. They symbolize ownership or control of a resource and offer a memorable name for these entities. The structure of a domain name consists of labels concatenated and separated by dots, arranged in a hierarchy from right to left. Each label can hold 1 to 63 octets, and the total domain name should not go beyond 253 ASCII characters. The Sistema de nombres de dominio[1] (DNS) converts these domain names into IP addresses, aiding in the distribution of web traffic among various servers. Organized in a tree structure, domain names have Top-Level Domains (TLDs) like .com, .org, .net at the topmost level. The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) manages the allocation of TLDs and accredits domain registrars. Domain names can also be internationalized, with numerous registries adopting the Internationalized domain name (IDNA) system approved by ICANN. The domain name sector is vulnerable to cyber threats such as spoofing, but protective measures are in place.
En el Internet, a domain name es un string that identifies a realm of administrative autonomy, authority or control. Domain names are often used to identify services provided through the Internet, such as sitios web, correo electrónico services and more. Domain names are used in various networking contexts and for application-specific naming and addressing purposes. In general, a domain name identifies a network domain o un Protocolo de Internet (IP) resource, such as a personal computer used to access the Internet, or a server computer.
Domain names are formed by the rules and procedures of the Sistema de nombres de dominio (DNS). Any name registered in the DNS is a domain name. Domain names are organized in subordinate levels (subdomains) of the DNS root domain, which is nameless. The first-level set of domain names are the top-level domains (TLDs), including the generic top-level domains (gTLDs), such as the prominent domains com, info, net, eduy orgy el country code top-level domains (ccTLDs). Below these top-level domains in the DNS hierarchy are the second-level and third-level domain names that are typically open for reservation by end-users who wish to connect local area networks to the Internet, create other publicly accessible Internet resources or run websites. The registration of a second- or third-level domain name is usually administered by a domain name registrar who sell its services to the public.
A fully qualified domain name (FQDN) is a domain name that is completely specified with all labels in the hierarchy of the DNS, having no parts omitted. Traditionally a FQDN ends in a dot (.) to denote the top of the DNS tree. Labels in the Domain Name System are case-insensitive, and may therefore be written in any desired capitalization method, but most commonly domain names are written in lowercase in technical contexts.