La promoción de un producto o servicio a través de la comunicación, también conocida como publicidad, tiene como objetivo informar o persuadir a un público determinado. Sus orígenes se remontan a las primeras civilizaciones, en las que se inscribían mensajes de venta en papiros egipcios y se utilizaban murales murales con fines promocionales en la antigua Asia, África y Sudamérica. A lo largo de los siglos, la publicidad se ha adaptado a los avances tecnológicos y al auge de los medios de comunicación de masas, pasando de los periódicos impresos a las plataformas audiovisuales y digitales. Las estrategias empleadas en la publicidad varían, y algunas se centran en aumentar la concienciación o impulsar las ventas, dirigiéndose a diferentes grupos demográficos a nivel local, nacional o internacional. Los métodos más comunes son la impresión, la radio, los banners web y los anuncios de televisión, entre otros. Los modelos publicitarios modernos han introducido tendencias innovadoras como marketing de guerrilla[1] y los anuncios interactivos. La contribución de las mujeres a la publicidad es significativa, y sus puntos de vista son muy valorados debido a su influyente poder adquisitivo.
Publicidad is the practice and techniques employed to bring attention to a product or service. Advertising aims to put a product or service in the spotlight in hopes of drawing it attention from consumers. It is typically used to promote a specific good or service, but there are wide range of uses, the most common being the commercial advertisement.
Commercial advertisements often seek to generate increased consumption of their products or services through "marca", which associates a product name or image with certain qualities in the minds of consumers. On the other hand, ads that intend to elicit an immediate sale are known as direct-response advertising. Non-commercial entities that advertise more than consumer products or services include political parties, interest groups, religious organizations and governmental agencies. Non-profit organizations may use free modes of persuasion, such as a public service announcement. Advertising may also help to reassure employees or shareholders that a company is viable or successful.
In the 19th century, soap businesses were among the first to employ large-scale advertising campaigns. Thomas J. Barratt was hired by Pears to be its brand manager—the first of its kind—and in addition to creating slogans and images he recruited West End stage actress and socialite Lillie Langtry to become the poster-girl for Pears, making her the first celebrity to endorse a commercial product. Modern advertising originated with the techniques introduced with tobacco advertising in the 1920s, most significantly with the campaigns of Edward Bernays, considered the founder of modern, "Madison Avenue" advertising.
Worldwide spending on advertising in 2015 amounted to an estimated US$529.43 billion. Advertising's projected distribution for 2017 was 40.4% on TV, 33.3% on digital, 9% on newspapers, 6.9% on magazines, 5.8% on outdoor and 4.3% on radio. Internationally, the largest ("Big Five") agencia de publicidad groups are Omnicom, WPP, Publicis, Interpublicy Dentsu.
In Latin, advertere means "to turn towards".
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